А а [a]
[a] as in “father” так [tak] (yes)
Б б [be]
[b] банка [‘banka] (a can)
В в [ve]
[v] вода [vо’da] (water) він [veen] (he) вона [vo’na] (she)
Г г [ghe]
no equivalent in English, similar to [h] with strong friction and loud sound гривня [‘ghrivnia] (a grivnya) грати [‘ghrati] (to play)
Ґ ґ [ge]
a rare letter, [g] (as in “go”) ґрунт [‘groont] (soil)
Д д [de]
[d] де [de] (where) дома [‘doma] (at home)
Е е [e]
[e] as in “pet” мене [me’ne] (me)
Є є [ye]
[ye] (like “yes”) грає [‘ghraye] (he plays)
Ж ж [ӡe]
[ӡ] as the “s” in “peasure” Париж [pa’riʒ] (Paris)
З з [ze]
[z] зараз [‘zaraz] (now)
И и [i]
[i] like in “it” (with your tongue more back) ви [vi] (you) сидіти [si’deeti] (to sit)
І і [ee]
[ee] таксі [tak’see] (taxi)
Ї ї [yee]
[yee] їсти [‘yeesti] (to eat)
Й й [yot]
[y] (like in “yes”) дайте [‘dayte] (give) добрий [‘dobriy] (good)
К к [ka]
[k] кока-кола [koka-kola] (coke) квиток [kvi’tok] (a ticket)
Л л [el]
[l] ласка [‘laska] (tenderness)
М м [em]
[m] мама [‘mama] (mum) мене [me’ne] (me) мені [me’nee] (to me)
Н н [en]
[n] ні [nee] (no) немає [ne’maye] (there isn't) вікно [veek’no] (window)
О о [o ]
[o] as “al” in “walk” ось [osi] (here) вода [vo’da] (water)
П п [pe]
[p] паспорт [‘pasport] (passport) пиво [‘pivo] (beer)
Р р [er]
[r] as in “red” (rolled as in Spanish) рідко [‘reedko] (rarely)
С с [es]
[s] стіл [steel] (a table) субота [soo’bota] (Saturday)
Т т [te]
[t] студент [stoo’dent] (a student)
У у [oo]
[oo] as in “book” ручка [‘roochka] (a pen) буду [‘boodoo] (I will)
Ф ф [ef]
[f] телефон [tele’fon] (phone)
Х х [ha]
[h] as “ch” in Scottish “loch” хороший [ho’roshiy] (good)
Ц ц [tse]
[ts] as in “its” це [tse] (this is) піца [pizza] (pizza) цукор [‘tsookor] (sugar)
Ч ч [che]
[ch] ручка [‘roochka] (pen) чаcто [‘chasto] (often) чай [chay] (tea)
Ш ш [sha]
[sh] Ваш [vash] (your) дошка [‘doshka] (board)
Щ щ [shia]
[shi] very close to the “sh” in “sheep” Що [shio] (what) борщ [borshi] (borshch)
Ь м’який знак (soft sign)
almost silent, makes consonants soft, which means that the sound is followed by a very weak sound [i]: олівець [olee’vetsi] (a pensil) стілець [stee’letsi] (a chair) будь [boodi] (be)
Ю ю [yoo]
1. [oo] makes consonants soft: люблю [lioob’lioo] (I like)
2. [yoo] in the beginning of a word, after other vowels: п’ю [p yoo] (I drink) читаю [chi’tayoo] (I read)
Я я [ya]
1. [a] after consonants, makes the consonants soft: гуляти [ghoo’liati] (to walk) гуляю (I walk)[ghoo’liayoo]
2. [ya] (like in “yahoo”) in the beginning of a word, after other vowels: яблуко [‘yablooko] (an apple)
‘ апостроф (apostrophe)
After apostrophe the letters «є», «ю», «я» are read as [ye], [yoo], [ya]
п’є [p ye] (he drinks) комп’ютер [komp ‘yooter] (computer) п’ять [p yati] (five)
дев’ять [‘dev yati] (nine)
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